The Xiangtangshan caves are cut into the limestone hills at Fengfeng, west of Handan, in two main groups, the northern and southern caves. They were begun in the Northern Qi dynasty in the sixth century, with imperial patronage, and combine large Buddha images with walls carved with sutra texts. Many sculptures were removed in the early twentieth century and are now in museums abroad; the site remains a national key cultural relic and a record of Northern Qi Buddhist art.
The Xiangtangshan caves near Handan were carved for the Northern Qi court in the sixth century, with sutras cut into the rock and a possible imperial burial chamber above a central pillar. Many of their sculptures were later removed to museums abroad.