Changbaishan Forests: Charcoal, Birch and Recovery
A 2025 study compares charred wood from two elevations with a separate peat-core record to trace Changbaishan’s vegetation history. Charcoal from a high-elevation site now in alpine tundra supports an inference of spruce forest before the 946 eruption. The evidence also records a long ecological recovery. Changbaishan’s upper forest varies by slope, while a long-term plot follows forest conditions in Antu.