The Mountain Inside the Boundary
Tongguling’s reserve record joins coral, dwarf forest and wildlife to a documented dispute over how protected land was used.
Tongguling National Nature Reserve
A marine-and-coastal protected area recorded for coral reefs, tropical monsoon dwarf forest and wildlife, with a documented history of boundary and development conflict.
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment’s Hainan reserve directory, dated as of 2011, lists Tongguling in Wenchang as a national-level marine and coastal reserve established in 1983. Its stated protected subjects are coral reefs, tropical monsoon dwarf forest and wildlife. A 2018 environmental rectification plan later documented that protected land had been included in an ecotourism development zone and set cleanup and restoration measures. The boundary joins land and sea, while the public record also shows how infrastructure and conservation came into conflict.
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Photo credits and rights
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The main summit of Tonggu Ridge, photographed 23 February 2024.Shujianyang · CC0 1.0 Photo source ↗ Rights information ↗ Retained source: Wikimedia standard 1280-pixel thumbnail; upstream full original was not downloaded. WebP derivatives were not enlarged.